< 출처 김주덕 변호사 SNS >
The Talmud as a Business Guide
Hershey H. Friedman, Ph.D.
Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, School of Business x.friedman@att.net
Abstract. Purpose: There is a great deal of interest in discovering the secrets of business success according to the Talmud. This interest is satisfied in the present paper by listing and explaining some principles, stories, and cases from the Talmud.
Approach: The topic is approached in the manner of analysis of the Talmud as a business guide and as a set of stories and cases (part seven).
Findings: Some of the Talmudic sages were indeed quite wealthy (introduction). This paper demonstrates that the Talmudic approach to becoming wealthy (part two) involves respecting hard work, leading an ethical life, being charitable, treating employees well, going beyond the strict requirements of the law, and caring for others (parts three to six).
Implications: There are some indirect (conceptual) and some direct (in terms of principles and cases) implications of the Talmud as a business guide (as shown in part seven).
Methodology: Conceptual approach with addition of some Talmud stories as case studies.
Keywords: business ethics, Talmud, how to become wealthy, flaunting wealth, employer-employee relations.
1. Introduction
1.1. The Talmud as a source of business ethics
An article in Newsweek noted that several books purporting to reveal the Talmud secrets of business success have recently been published in China. Know All of the Money-Making Stories of the Talmud and Crack the Talmud: 101 Jewish Business Rules were just two of the titles mentioned (Fish, 2010). Apparently, many Chinese believe the Talmud, Judaism’s Oral Law, is a how-to manual responsible for Jewish success in business. While primarily a collection of rabbinical discussions and commentaries on the Torah’s written text, the Talmud also contains halachic and aggadic references to business matters and ethics. The written law is contained in the Pentateuch (the Five Books of Moses, i.e., the Torah).
The Talmud, assembled separately at Israeli and Babylonian academies, expounds the Hebrew Bible in two components: the Mishna and Gemara. The Mishna was originally an old oral tradition Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi, or Rebbi, chronicled and redacted near 189 C.E. The canon of the Gemara, constructed from commentaries and discussions on the Mishna, was first recorded in written form about 1500 years ago.
In addition to halacha (Jewish law), the Talmud details the beliefs of the Jewish people, their philosophy, traditions, culture, and folklore, i.e., the aggadah (homiletics). It is also replete with legal, ethical, and moral questions. The Midrash, a separate scripture, records the views of Talmudic sages and is mainly devoted to the exposition of Biblical verses.
키스방 여자가 숫처녀인척 하는 법 (0) | 2022.02.25 |
---|---|
숫처녀인척한 호스티스 (0) | 2022.02.24 |
불륜드라마같은 일상, 당신은 피해자 혹은 가해자? (0) | 2021.10.13 |
사랑의 불시착 (0) | 2021.10.01 |
사람이 무서워요 (0) | 2021.04.02 |